Goodhart: Human Rights
Chapter 4
African Commission on Human and People’s Rights (ACHPR)
www.achpr.org/
The ACHPR was established under the authority of the African Charter of Human and Peoples’ Rights, itself entering into force in 1986 under the aegis of the Organization of African Unity (now the African Union). Based in Banjul, Gambia, the ACHPR’s members are elected by the OAU’s Heads of State and Government.
Amnesty International
www.amnesty.org/
Amnesty International is best known for its practices of campaigning and its international solidarity with the victims of human rights abuses. It works by mobilizing public pressure and lobbying directly to influence governments, companies, and international organizations worldwide. Established in 1961, by 2007 it had 2.2 million members in 150 countries.
Human Rights Watch
www.hrw.org/
Human Rights Watch arose directly out of the Helsinki process and the Helsinki Watch human rights monitoring groups. Formed in 1978, it is the largest human rights organization based in the United States.
International Institute for Strategic Studies
www.iiss.org/
The IISS is the primary source of information on international strategic issues for politicians and diplomats, academics and the informed public. The website provides independent, internationally sourced information and commentary on the main strategic events touching on national, regional and global security.
International Relations and Security Network
www.isn.ethz.ch
The Swiss contribution to NATO’s Partnership for Peace, this website offers extensive information on global security issues.
International Crisis Group
www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm
The ICG was formed in 1995 as a response to the human rights tragedies of Somalia, Rwanda, and Bosnia to provide early warning of conflicts, field-based analysis, and policy prescriptions to governments and other NGOs involved in conflict analysis, prevention, and resolution. Unlike many other similar NGOs, its senior management team comprises former government members and prominent statesmen and stateswomen.
Inter American commission on Human Rights (IACHR)
www.cidh.org/DefaultE.htm
The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) is an autonomous organ of the Organization of American States (OAS). It was established in 1959, following the American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man adopted in Colombia in 1948. In 1969, the IACHR adopted the American Convention on Human Rights. Although of relatively limited effectiveness during the early decades of its existence, the IACHR is reputed to have strengthened its capacities substantially since the late 1990s, as demonstrated, for instance, in its robust prosecution of former Peruvian leader Alberto Fujimori in 2008.
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe – Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (OSCE-ODIHR)
www.osce.org/odihr/
ODIHR is the subsidiary body within the OSCE (the successor to the Helsinki process) which seeks to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in the 56 member states of the OSCE, whose geographical scope extends from Vancouver to Vladivostock. Based in Warsaw, ODIHR is committed to the protection of minorities, upholding the rule of law and the transition to democracy in the region.
United Nations – the ICCS Responsibility to Protect report
www.iciss.ca/report-en.asp
United Nations Human Rights bodies
www.un.org/rights/
This website is a doorway to the many inter-related United Nations human rights treaties and subsidiary organizations.
Virtual War College
www.geocities.com/virtualwarcollege/ir_realism.htm
A comprehensive introduction to the realist tradition in IR, with links to online resources and good selection of readings on the subject.
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