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Question 1

Lombroso claimed that:

a) criminals were socialized into an 'underworld' of crime

b) no act is intrinsically deviant

c) biological failings drove some people into crime

d) women were less likely to be arrested than men

Question 2

If a deviant act is 'normalized', it is:

a) recognised as breaking an important norm of behaviour

b) seen a temporary aberration from an otherwise 'normal' character

c) the first step in establishing a deviant career

d) attributed to the person's genetic or anatomical make up

Question 3

The term 'secondary deviation' refers to:

a) the punishment or stigmatization of deviant acts

b) the labelling of an act as deviant through social reactions to it

c) the ways in which taking on a deviant role affects future action

d) all of the above

Question 4

Sutherland's study of the 'professional thief' suggested that:

a) people are socialized into a life of crime by associating with others who define it in positive terms

b) the majority of crime is committed by middle class people in professional occupations

c) those who were arrested and charged with theft did not define themselves as thieves

d) the most dangerous criminals on the street were those who were highly skilled thieves

Question 5

The work of Smart suggested that:

a) the rates of violent crime were similar for men and women

b) women's sexual delinquency was more likely to be normalized than men's

c) women's criminal behaviour tended to reflect traditional gender roles

d) all of the above

Question 6

White-collar crime is low in visibility because:

a) it involves only small amounts of money

b) the proletariat can outsmart the bourgeoisie

c) the police turn a blind eye to corporate crime

d) it goes undetected in the context of everyday business transactions

Question 7

Becker proclaimed that cannabis use was:

a) increasing throughout all sections of youth in the 1970s

b) learned gradually through the social processes of a deviant career

c) a dangerous pastime that young people should not be allowed to pursue

d) not as enjoyable as other sociologists had suggested

Question 8

Patterns of drug use in Britain reveal that:

a) it has increased and is no longer confined to a hedonistic youth subculture

b) the most commonly used recreational drug is Ecstasy

c) teenage girls are more likely to experiment with hard drugs than teenage boys

d) despite a series of moral panics, the use of illegal drugs is very rare

Question 9

The Mafia is an example of:

a) white collar crime

b) organized crime

c) non-criminal deviance

d) global terrorism

Question 10

How is terrorism different from the types of crime described by the Chicago School?

a) it is committed on a larger, often global, scale, and is well organized

b) it is associated with political conflict between states and their citizens

c) it can have far-reaching effects upon international relations

d) all of the above

Oxford University Press, Online Resource Centre, Chapter 07.

Chapter 07

Instructions

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10