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vanLoon & Duffy: Environmental Chemistry: 2e

Web Links

Chapter 3: Stratospheric chemistry - ozone

Information on ozone monitoring

Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (CMDL) 325 Broadway Boulder, CO 80305:
www.cmdl.noaa.gov/ozwv/dobson/

WHO Ozone Mapping Centre:
lap.physics.auth.gr/ozonemaps/

NASA:
aura.gsfc.nasa.gov/instruments/omi/introduction.html

NASA, Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Branch:
code916.gsfc.nasa.gov/Public/Ground_based/arotel/artlinst.html

Suggested keywords for internet search: stratospheric ozone, ozone hole, TOMS

Problems - Q16: Using the figures provided, comment on the "ozone hole".
These images were obtained from the NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado from their web site:
www.cmdl.noaa.gov/

Chapter 7

Table 7.3 - Data were obtained from the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency who follow the US EPA established method for air quality determination:
http://aqi.pca.state.mn.us/hourly/

Chapter 8

Table 8.3 - The contribution to greenhouse warming is usually referred to as increased radiative forcing; this describes the average per square metre additional energy made available to the Earth associated with the increase in concentration of each gas. Most of these and other values given in the present chapter are taken from an article by Blasing, T.J. and S. Jones, posted on the web site of http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/pns/current_ghg.html and containing data that were updated in November 2003. The values are from various sources, all referenced in the article, and usually refer to mixing ratios for 2002 or 2003.

Table 8.4 - GWP values are obtained by integration over a 100 y period. Obtained from Blasing, T.J. and S. Jones, Current greenhouse gas concentrations http://ediac.esd.ornl.gov/pns/current_ghg.html (February 2004). These values relate to direct effects; interactions of CFCs with ozone in the lower stratsophere may reduce the amount of radiation into the lower atmosphere, contributing to a cooling effect. The GWP values would be correspondingly reduced.

Chapter 11

Example 11.3 TCE vapour pressure in a subsurface soil: TCE is the major groundwater contaminant in sites around the United States. For a description of the Superfund Program for clean-up of these sites see www.epa.gov/superfund/

Chapter 17

Table 17.5 Nitrogen contents and C : N ratios for various materials. Data in table reproduced from: Peacock B., Balancing the nitrogen budget, The University of California Cooperative Extension, Tulare County, http://cetulare.ucdavis.edu/pubgrape/ng296.htm.

Chapter 19

Table 19.3 Carbon to nitrogen ratios in organic waste materials. Data obtained from Cornell Cooperative Extension, T. Richard: http://compost.css.cornell.edu/Factsheets/FS2.html.

Chapter 21

Anastas, P. and T.C. Williamson, Green chemistry, Oxford University Press, Oxford; 1998. The following web page is an excellent beginning point for searching and linking to many sites related to green chemistry: http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/whats_gc.html.

Further detailed information about this green chemistry approach to producing ibuprofen can be found at http://www.chemsoc.org/networks/learnnet/green/ibuprofen/index.htm.