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Question 01

The capacity of the aerobically trained muscle to use fatty acids as a fuel results in:

a) reduction in lactic acid formation

b) sparing of muscle glycogen

c) sparing of blood glucose

d) all of the above (a - c) are correct

e) none of the above (a - c) are correct

Question 02

Training for strength or power has little effect on:

a) muscle mass

b) muscle strength

c) anaerobic capacity

d) aerobic capacity

e) muscle buffering capacity

Question 03

Training for endurance has little effect on:

a) muscle massmuscle triacylglycerol and glycogen content

b) muscle triacylglycerol and glycogen content

c) mitochondrial content of muscle

d) aerobic capacity

e) capillary density of muscle

Question 04

Cardiovascular adaptations to endurance training include:

a) increased maximal cardiac output

b) lower resting heart rate

c) increased blood volume

d) (a), (b) and (c)

e) (a) and (b) only

Question 05

Which of the following cannot be considered as a metabolic adaptation to endurance training:

a) increased maximal oxygen uptake

b) increased antioxidant capacity

c) increased maximal rate of fat oxidation

d) increased adrenaline response to exercise

e) lower RER during submaximal exercise

Question 06

Prolonged exercise impairs immune cell function due to:

a) inhibitory effects of elevated stress hormones such as cortisol

b) a reduction in the number of circulating white blood cells during exercise

c) the removal of all the available glutamine from the circulation during exercise

d) the elevated body temperature promoting bacterial growth

e) all of the above

Question 07

Which of the following immune functions would not be performed by a neutrophil?

a) antibody production

b) chemotaxis

c) phagocytosis

d) degranulation

e) respiratory burst

Question 08

During prolonged exercise increased amounts of interleukin-6 are released from:

a) macrophages and cause suppression of other immune cell functions

b) lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage function

c) all muscles in the body and influence carbohydrate metabolism

d) exercising muscle and influence carbohydrate and fat metabolism

e) exercising muscle and promote glycogen breakdown in other muscles

Question 09

Which amino acid is very important for optimal immune function and exhibits a reduced plasma concentration during heavy training?

a) glycine

b) glutamine

c) phenylalanine

d) isoleucine

e) leucine

Question 10

Which of the following is not a dietary antioxidant?

a) vitamin C

b) lipoic acid

c) vitamin K

d) beta-carotene

e) vitamin E

Question 11

The main source of increased free radical production during exercise is thought to be from:

a) electron leak from the sarcolemma

b) electron leak from the mitochondrial respiratory chain

c) electron leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

d) release of reactive oxygen species from haemoglobin and myoglobin

e) production of reactive oxygen species by activated lymphocytes

Oxford University Press, Online Resource Centre, Chapter 08.

Chapter 08

Instructions