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Question 1

The following structure is an important medicine.

What is the structure called?

a) Diamorphine

b) Morphine

c) Codeine

d) Thebaine

Question 2

Morphine is an important analgesic.

What interactions are involved in binding the phenol group to the target binding site?

a) Ionic interactions.

b) Hydrogen bonding interactions.

c) van der Waals binding interactions.

d) The group has no binding role.

Question 3

The following structure is used as an analgesic.

What is the name of the structure?

a) Diamorphine

b) Morphine

c) Codeine

d) Thebaine

Question 4

Codeine is used as an analgesic.

Which of the following statements is false?

a) The structure is a weaker analgesic than morphine.

b) The structure acts as a prodrug.

c) The structure is converted to morphine in the brain.

d) The coloured methyl group masks an important binding group.

Question 5

The following structure is more active than morphine as an analgesic.

What is this structure called?

a) 6-acetylmorphine

b) 3-acetylmorphine

c) heterocodeine

d) heteromorphine

Question 6

Propose the likely analgesic activity of 3-acetylmorphine relative to diamorphine and 6-acetylmorphine.

a) 3-acetylmorphine should be more active than 6-acetylmorphine and diamorphine.

b) 3-acetylmorphine should be less active than 6-acetylmorphine and diamorphine.

c) 3-acetylmorphine should be more active than 6-acetylmorphine and less active than diamorphine.

d) 3-acetylmorphine should be less active than 6-acetylmorphine and more active than diamorphine.

Question 7

Levorphanol is an analgesic which is five times more active than morphine.

To which class of compounds does this structure belong?

a) Benzomorphans

b) 4-phenylpiperidines

c) Morphinans

d) Enkephalins

Question 8

Levorphanol is an analgesic which is five times more active than morphine.

What happens when the N-methyl group is replaced with an N-allyl group?

a) There is an increase in activity.

b) There is a decrease in activity.

c) There is a loss of all activity.

d) The compound becomes an antagonist.

Question 9

The following molecule (etorphine) is used in veterinary medicine.

What is it used for?

a) Sedation

b) Analgesia

c) Treatment of diarrhoea

d) Pupil constriction

Question 10

Etorphine is used in veterinary medicine.

What chemical reverses the effects of this molecule?

a) Buprenorphine

b) Etorphine

c) Diprenorphine

d) Thebaine

Question 11

The following agent is used clinically as an analgesic.

What is it called?

a) etorphine

b) thebaine

c) buprenorphine

d) diprenorphine

Question 12

Buprenorphine is used clinically as an analgesic.

Which of the following statements is true?

a) The above structure is more effective than morphine at treating severe pain.

b) The above structure achieves the same level of pain relief at lower doses than those required by morphine.

c) The above structure has no side effects.

d) The above structure can be taken orally.

Question 13

The binding site of analgesic receptors has two hydrophobic binding regions in the vicinity of the ionic binding region. One is responsible for agonist activity and the other is responsible for antagonist activity. Which of the following statements is true?

a) The antagonist hydrophobic binding region is closer to the ionic binding region than the agonist hydrophobic binding region.

b) The agonist hydrophobic binding region is closer to the ionic binding region than the antagonist hydrophobic binding region.

c) The antagonist hydrophobic binding region and agonist hydrophobic bind regions are equidistant from the ionic binding region.

d) The relative positions of the hydrophobic regions vary depending on the type of analgesic receptor concerned.

Question 14

Consider the following analgesic.

What is the source of this structure?

a) Opium

b) Frog

c) An endogenous compound present in the body

d) Snake venom

Question 15

Morphine is the structure chiefly responsible for the biological activity of opium. What is the name given to the chemical that is chiefly responsible for the biological activity of a natural extract?

a) Lead compound

b) Active principle

c) Pharmacophore

d) Lead principle

Oxford University Press, Online Resource Centre, Chapter 24.

Chapter 24

Instructions

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10

Question 11

Question 12

Question 13

Question 14

Question 15