Links from the book:

www.queensu.ca/sociology/Surveillance/
The Surveillance Project. Run by David Lyon and colleagues at the sociology department of the Queen’s University, Canada.

www.surveillance-and-society.org
Surveillance and Society. Online surveillance studies journal.

www.liberty-human-rights.org.uk
Liberty. Website of a leading UK civil liberties pressure group. Includes information on their privacy concerns regarding various surveillance policies and technologies.

www.wired.com
Wired. US-based magazine containing a wide range of news stories and features on the latest technological developments, including cultural, governmental, and privacy issues.

www.homeoffice.gov.uk
Home Office. Website of a UK ministry responsible for dealing with crime, policing, criminal justice, counter terrorism, and immigration.

Further links of interest:

Surveillance and Society homepage:
www.surveillance-and-society.org/

Biometrics

Forensic Identification Initiative at West Virginia University:
www.wvu.edu/~forensic/program.htm
This is a multi-disciplinary research and education collaboration in areas related to forensic sciences. The Forensic Identification Initiative includes the coordination of research efforts among the several colleges of the university, degree programs in areas of forensic science, and collaborations with other institutions.

The Biometric Consortium:
www.biometrics.org/
Homepage of the US based consortium which serves ‘as the US Government's focal point for research, development, testing, evaluation, and application of biometric-based personal identification/verification technology.’

Michigan eLibrary:
web.mel.org/viewtopic.jsp?id=1848&pathid=2389
A US based link page to all matters relating to forensic science. Has a good list of professional American Associations.

Biometric Technology Today:
www.biometrics-today.com/
US based Trade magazine, which has a range of free pages running alongside its subscription-based publication.

The Biometric Foundation:
www.biometricfoundation.org/
Founded in August 2000, is dedicated to a systematic program of research and education to reduce impediments to wide adoption and use of all biometric technologies. The Foundation will address technical, societal, and legal aspects of biometric technologies and their applications. Accordingly, the Foundation's agenda will include studies of public attitudes toward uses of biometrics; demonstration and evaluation of alternative biometric technologies; inquiry into biometric standards issues; development of formal educational curricula that encourage students to enter the field biometrics as a professional career choice; and conferences and seminars about the most effective uses of biometrics in key applications.

Association for Biometrics:
www.afb.org.uk/
Homepage for the UK based association. It is a membership organisation but page contains some useful information on activities, news and events.

National Biometric Test Centre:
www.engr.sjsu.edu/biometrics/nbtccw.pdf
Contains over thirty collected scientific papers published by US based National Biometric Test Centre between 1977 –2000. Very technical but useful for those wanting to understand the problems of evaluating the performance of biometric systems.

Biometric Technologies:
groups.yahoo.com/group/biometrics
Open discussion forum for biometric technologies.
www.cesg.gov.uk/policy_technologies/biometrics/index.shtml
UK government information on biometrics.

Civil Liberties

Cyber-Rights & Cyber-Liberties:
www.cyber-rights.org/
A UK based, a non-profit civil liberties organisation founded on January 10, 1997. Its main purpose is to promote free speech and privacy on the internet and raise public awareness of these important issues. It has a good selection of online reports, news reviews and press releases many of which touch on aspects of surveillance.

JUSTICE:
www.justice.org.uk/
Founded in 1957, following the visit of a group of British lawyers to observe treason trials in South Africa and Hungary. It was set up to promote the rule of law and to assist the fair administration of justice. It is the British section of the International Commission of Jurists. It has a good selection of publications on Human rights and privacy, and an excellent set of links to human rights organisations.

Statewatch:
www.statewatch.org/index.html
UK based Statewatch is a non-profit-making voluntary group founded in 1991. It is comprised of lawyers, academics, journalists, researchers and community activists. Its European network of contributors is drawn from 12 countries. Statewatch encourages the publication of investigative journalism and critical research in the fields of the state, civil liberties and openness. Statewatch provides an impressive array of briefing documents especially relevant is ‘S.O.S. Europe Statewatch Observatory on Surveillance in Europe’ which can be found at: www.statewatch.org/soseurope.htm and ‘Statewatch analysis reports on post 11 September effects on civil liberties’ found at: www.statewatch.org/soseurope.htm

Liberty:
www.liberty-human-rights.org.uk/
UK based Liberty ‘provides rigorously researched policy responses to Government consultations on all issues which have implications for human rights and civil liberties. We also submit evidence to Select Committees, Inquiries and other policy fora, and undertake independent funded research’. It has an alphabetical list of published resources and an excellent set of links categorised under the following heading, legal links, press links, government links, voluntary organisations.

Data Protection Act ( UK)

Data Protection Act 1998 (UK):
http://www.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts1998/19980029.htm
Contains the text of the Act.

Dataveillance

Data Surveillance (Dataveillance):
www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/DV/
Is the systematic use of personal data systems in the investigation or monitoring of the actions or communications of one or more persons. Roger Clarke’s excellent pages, list articles reports, newsgroups etc on all aspects of Dataveillence and Information Privacy.

Echelon

Echelonwatch:
www.echelonwatch.org/
An ACLU sponsored page with an extensive range of information, links and resources with matters, to do with the American Electronic Surveillance capability known as Echelon.

Cryptome Out:
cryptome.org/cryptout.htm#Echelon
The best online archive of historical documents and links relating to Echelon, from John Young’s Cryptome.

Electronic Monitoring

www.library.utoronto.ca/libraries_crim/elecmon.htm
The electronic monitoring page of the University of Toronto’s Centre for Criminology, it has an extensive bibliography of books and articles on electronic monitoring, web resources and links to some companies selling the technology.

e-conscience.org:
www.e-conscience.org/index.html
Houses Marc Renzema’s Electronic Monitoring Resource which aims to ‘make publicly available both working papers and results of an ongoing systematic review of research on the impacts of electronic monitoring (EM) on recidivism and public safety’. It contains an extensive bibliography of published sources and links to vendors.

Internet Surveillance

The Internet under Surveillance: Obstacles to the free flow of information online:
www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=7280
Annual report on internet Surveillance from Reporters Sans Frontières / Reporters Without Borders.

Crypto-Gram:
www.counterpane.com/crypto-gram.html
A free monthly e-mail newsletter on computer security and cryptography from Bruce Schneier.

Cryptome Out:
cryptome.org/cryptout.htm#PGP
Archive of materials on the controversy around Pretty Good Privacy (PGP).

International Cryptography Freedom:
jya.com/crypto-free.htm
Links to free cryptographic software and articles.

Legislation – Online reports

Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000:
www.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts2000/20000023.htm
Contains the full text of the Act, which places the surveillance activities of the security services and police in the UK on a statutory footing.

Offender Databases – Online reports

DNA Databases for Offender Identification in Europe - The Need for Technical, Legal and Political Harmonization:
www.promega.com/geneticidproc/eusymp2proc/11.pdf
A report arguing by Peter M. Schneider Institute of Legal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University.

Panopticon – Online reports

Cartome.org:
cartome.org/panopticon1.htm
Contains the original plan of the panopticon

Cartome.org:
cartome.org/panopticon2.htm
Contains the complete text of Jeremy Betham's, ‘Panopticon, or the inspection-house containing the idea of a new principle of construction applicable to any sort of establishment in which persons of any description are to be kept under inspection; and in particular to penitentiary-houses, prisons, houses of industry, work houses poor-houses, lazarettos, manufactories, hospitals and schools’ written in the year 1787

Police

National Policing Improvement Agency:
www.npia.police.uk
Promoting, researching and testing new surveillance technologies for the UK police.

Privacy

Privacy International:
www.privacy.org/
US/UK-based privacy campaigners.

EPIC (Electronic Privacy Information Centre):
www.epic.org/privacy/
An excellent US based site offering range of links on all aspects of Electronic Privacy and Surveillance, it includes an A to Z index on topic concerning Electronic Privacy and a Hot Topic Section.

The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF):
www.eff.org/
As they state ‘a donor-supported membership organization working to protect our fundamental rights regardless of technology; to educate the press, policymakers and the general public about civil liberties issues related to technology; and to act as a defender of those liberties’. It has a good set of links and resources.

American Civil Liberties Union:
www.aclu.org/index.html
The excellent homepage of the American Civil Liberties Union. It has extensive archives of material on privacy and surveillance.

The Privacy Foundation:
www.privacyfoundation.org/
The homepage of the US based foundation which, according to their blurb ‘exists to educate the public, in part by conducting research into communications technologies and services that may pose a threat to personal privacy. The foundation will attempt to be fair and objective in its research projects and public reports. The site a good news section, and sections on workplace surveillance and legal issues.

Australian Privacy Foundation:
www.privacy.org.au/
The homepage of the Australian Privacy Foundation.

Surveillance Society

Minnesota Public Radio:
news.mpr.org/features/199911/15_newsroom_privacy/leftalone.html
Contains a multimedia presentation on the ‘Surveillance Society: the erosion of privacy in America’ made by Minnesota Public Radio it includes interviews with academics and campaigners, and deals with a number of issues such as identity theft, privacy and national ID numbers.

Speed Cameras

UK Speed Cameras:
www.ukspeedcameras.co.uk
A site which declares, ‘the creators of this site do not condone speeding in any form or manner. Information supplied is for information only and should not be used to flaunt local laws’ while at the same time advising drivers as to how to avoid being caught by speed cameras. Lists various radar detectors and contains links to organizations and campaigning groups opposed to speed cameras.

The Association of British Drivers:
www.abd.org.uk/cameras/map.htm
A UK based site, which provides a listing by county of the locations of speed cameras. The site is no longer updating locations but still contains the locations of over 4000 cameras installed and has links to other location sites.

Telecommunications

MPLS and Frame Relay Alliance:
www.mplsforum.org/
International body responsible for telecommunications infrastructure standards.