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Question 1

What is the main argument of the Stern Review of 2007 in relation to the issue of global climate change?

a) That the costs of combating global warming are far greater than the long-term economic costs of inaction

b) That the costs of combating global warming are miniscule when set against the long-term economic costs of inaction

c) That the effects of global warming have been exaggerated

d) That climate change is a result of non-human factors rather than human activities

Question 2

The Stockholm conference of 1972 led to which of these initiatives?

a) The Council on Environmental Quality

b) The United Nations Environment Program

c) The National Environmental Policy Act

d) The Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

Question 3

In what sense did the Carter administration break new ground in terms of the US approach to environmental issues?

a) He was prepared to question American dependence on industrial production

b) He was prepared to question American dependence on imported oil

c) He encouraged an increase American dependence on imported oil

d) Both a and b

Question 4

One of the few environmental issues addressed by the Reagan administration was...?

a) The ozone layer

b) US dependence on overseas oil

c) Negotiations on acid rain with Canada

d) The Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III)

Question 5

Which of these phrases is associated with President George Bush Senior's approach to environmental policy?

a) 'America's lifestyle is not up for negotiation'

b) 'America's environment is not up for negotiation'

c) 'It's the environment stupid'

d) 'Environmental campaigners are either with us or against us'

Question 6

How did the Clinton administration avoid confrontation over the Kyoto Protocol?

a) It did not submit it to the Senate for approval

b) It negotiated so-called flexibility mechanisms

c) The US agreed to cut emissions by 7% by 2008-2012

d) None of the above

Question 7

Why have some analysts been critical of the Clinton's framing of environmental security?

a) It privileged the concept of ecological modernization at the expense of environmental security

b) It overstated US complicity in global environmental problems

c) It obscured US complicity in global environmental problems

d) It overstated US responsibility for dealing with global environmental problems

Question 8

What measures were introduced by the Bush Junior Administration's 'Energy Policy Act'?

a) Greater subsidies to the oil and gas industries

b) The opening up of the Alaskan National Wildlife Refuge to exploration and drilling

c) Low interest loans for the development of nuclear power plants

d) All of the above

Question 9

How does the AP6 agreement (Asia Pacific Partnership in Clean Development and Climate 2006) differ from the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)?

a) The UNFCCC is based on equality of commercial opportunity

b) The UNFCCC does not deal with the issue of green house gases

c) The AP6 does not include the principle of 'common but differentiated responsibility'

d) The AP6 does not include the US

Question 10

Why might rationalist explanations have limited purchase in explaining US environmental policy?

a) They only focus on security issues

b) They treat economic interests as social constructions, and therefore have difficulty in accounting for variations in US environmental policy

c) They treat economic interests as a given, and therefore have difficulty in accounting for variations in US environmental policy