Chapter 13

International comparisons

Bouhours, B. and Daly, K. (2007) 'Youth Sex Offenders in Court' Punishment and Society Vol 9(4) 371-394. [This article reviews a study of 385 sexual offence cases dealt with in South Australia 1995-2001 and analyses the ways in which judges balance the seriousness and danger of the offending with the youthfulness of the offenders.]
Goldson, B. and Muncie, J. (2006) 'Rethinking Youth Justice: Comparative Analysis, International Human Rights and Research Evidence', Youth Justice 2006 Vol 6: 91-106.
Howard League (2008) Punishing Children. A Survey of criminal responsibility and approaches across Europe, London: Howard League.

Pre-'punishment' court orders and contracts

Arthur, R. (2005) 'Punishing Parents for the Crimes of their Children' Howard Journal Vol 44(3) 233-253.
Burney, E. (2005) Making People Behave: Anti-Social Behaviour, Politics and Policy, Cullompton, Devon: Willan Publishing. [For a review of this useful book see: Wilson, D. (2006) Book Review: Making People Behave: Anti-Social Behaviour, Politics and Policy, Youth Justice 2006 6: 161-162.]
Home Office (2006) Tackling Anti-Social Behaviour National Audit 'Value for Money' Report by the Comptroller and Auditor General, HC 99 2006-7.
Respect Task Force (2007) Tools and powers to tackle anti-social behaviour, London: Home Office.

Community programmes

Burnett, R. and Roberts, G. (eds) (2004) What Works in Probation and Youth Justice: Developing Evidence-Based Practice, Willan.

Detention:

Challen, M. and Walton, T. (2004) Juveniles in Custody: A unique insight into the perception of young people held in Prison Service custody in England and Wales, London: Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Prisons.
Goldson, B. (2006) 'Damage, Harm and Death in Child Prisons in England and Wales: Questions of Abuse and Accountability' The Howard Journal Vol 45(5) 449-467. [In the context of current United Nations concern about violence against children this article examines the treatment and death of children in prison service establishments.]
Douglas, N. and Plugge, E. (2007) 'The health of young women in custody: emerging concerns and a case for advocacy' Childright CR 238, 14-17.
NACRO (2007) 'The detention and training order', Youth Crime Briefing, June, London, NACRO.

Public opinion

Roberts, J. and Hough, M. (2005) 'Sentencing Young Offenders: Public Opinion in England and Wales' Criminal Justice Vol 5(3) 211-232.

Risk and exclusion

DfES (2004) Offenders of the future? Assessing the risk of children and young people becoming involved in criminal or antisocial behaviour, Research report.
Gray, P. (2007) 'Youth Justice, Social Exclusion and the Demise of Social Justice' The Howard Journal Vol 46(40 401-416.
House of Commons Home Affairs Committee (2007) Young Black People and the Criminal Justice System, HC 181-1. London, Stationery Office.
McAuley, R (2006) Crime, Youth and Social Exclusion. Cullompton: Willan.
Social Exclusion Unit (2004) Mental health and social exclusion.
Youth Justice Board (2004) Differences or discrimination. Minority ethnic young people in the youth justice system
Youth Justice Board (2008) Evaluation of the Youth Inclusion Programme - Phase 2 (Summary) (B370)
[Phase 2 ran 2003-6. Each project dealt with a core 50 arrestees with the number of previous offences varying from 9 to 406. The report concluded that ‘The programme experienced mixed fortunes in terms of its four targets’ but that ‘figures do not convey anything about the complexity of the problems faced by the young people, or the quality of their relationships and the support offered by the programme staff’.]

Rights of young offenders

CRAE (2004) State of Children's Rights in England 2004.
Gillespie, A. (2005) 'Reprimanding Juveniles and the Right to Due Process' MLR vol 68(6) 1006-1015.
Hollingsworth, K. (2007) 'Judicial approaches to children's rights in youth crime' CFLQ Vol 19(1) 42-59. [This article focuses on three recent English cases and highlights the lack of judicial consistency in relation to children's rights under the ECHR.]
Parry, R.G. (2006) 'Protecting the juvenile suspect: what exactly is the appropriate adult supposed to do?' CFLQ Vol 18(3) 373-396. [This article discusses the role of the appropriate adult at the police station when a young person under the age of 17 is being detained and questioned. It questions whether the role is adequate to achieve its stated aims of protecting the suspect and upholding his or her rights.]
UK Government Periodic Report to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child: http://www.everychildmatters.gov.uk/resources-and-practice/IG00249/

Oxford University Press, Online Resource Centre, Chapter 13.