Easton & Piper: Sentencing and Punishment 2e 
DevelopmentsEaston & Piper: Sentencing and Punishment 2e
Chapter 8
Recent research reports
- Anti-social and other problem behaviours among young children: patterns and associated child characteristics
Findings 282 - Anti-social and other problem behaviours among young children: findings from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
Online Report 02/08 - Characteristics associated with resilience in children at high risk of involvement in anti-social and other problem behaviour
Findings 283 - Young people and crime: main findings from the 2006 Offending, Crime and Justice Survey, Home Office Statistical Bulletin 09/08
These reports have been posted by RDS and can be downloaded via www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/whatsnew1.html
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John Flatley (Ed.), Sian Moley and Jacqueline Hoare (Nov 2008) Perceptions of anti-social behaviour: Findings from the 2007/08 British Crime Survey, Supplementary Volume 1 to Crime in England and Wales 2007/08 HOSB 1508, London: Home Office, accessible via www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs08/hosb1508.pdf
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Solomon, E., Eades, C., Garside, R. and Rutherford, M. (2008) Ten years of criminal justice under Labour, An independent audit, Centre for Crime and Justice Studies, Kings College London.
This study examines progress against the targets set by the government and the Youth Justice Board to tackle youth offending since the reforms introduced in the 1998 Crime and Disorder Act. It argues that success has been far more mixed and ambiguous than the government often claims.
International comparisons
Muncie, J. and Goldson, B. (eds) (2006) Comparative Youth Justice. London: Sage.
Platt, A. (1977) The Child Savers, Chicago, University of Chicago Press.
Discipline and responsibility
McAra, L. (2005) 'Modelling Penal Transformation' Punishment and Society Vol 7(3) 277-302. [In this article McAra uses recent Scottish developments in dealing with young offenders to argue that, whilst the elision of social inclusion, community safety and youth justice agendas - with resultant pressure for change - is occurring in Scotland as in the rest of the UK, the pressures have been mediated by localized political and cultural processes such that penal-welfare values continue. She also notes various other Scottish initiatives aimed at reducing youth crime as in England and Wales but concludes that 'None of these developments, however, would appear (to date) to have precipitated a seismic shift within the broader juvenile justice system (at p.287).]
Muncie, J. (2006) 'Repenalisation and Rights: Explorations in Comparative Youth Criminology' The Howard Journal, Vol 45(1 ) 42-70.
Youth justice system
Ball, C. (2004) '50th Anniversary Article: Youth Justice- half a century of responses to youth offending' Crim LR 167.
Fionda, J. (2005) Devils and Angels: youth, policy and crime, Oxford: Hart Publishing.
Goldson, B. and Muncie, J. (eds) (2006) Youth Crime and Justice London: Sage.
Souhami, A. (2006) Transforming Youth Justice. Cullompton: Willan.
Moral panics
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British Journal of Criminology (2009) Vol. 49, Issue No. 1 is devoted to articles discussing moral panic theory (see, e.g., the chapter by Jock Young) and international applications of it.
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Waiton, S. (2008) The Politics of Antisocial Behaviour: Amoral Panics. London: Routledge.
Offending by minors
Audit Commission (1996) Misspent Youth: Young People and Crime. London, Audit Commission.
Farrington, D. (2002) 'Understanding and Preventing Crime' in Muncie. J., Hughes, G. and McLaughlin, E. (eds) Youth Justice, Critical Readings. London, Sage.
Graham, J. and Bowling, B. (1995) Young People and Crime, Home Office Research Study 145. London, Home Office.
Heilbrun, K. et al (2005) Juvenile Delinquency. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
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Home Office (2005) Juvenile Reconviction: results from the 2003 cohort, Home Office, Online Report 08/05.
This report found that ‘Reconviction rates vary considerably by type of disposal but this is largely explained by differences in the characteristics of offenders given each disposal. … Those given pre-court disposals are generally at lower intrinsic risk of reoffending, whereas those given more severe court disposals, such as certain community penalties or immediate custody are more likely to be at high risk of reoffending. … The disposal with the highest actual reconviction rate in 2003 was the Curfew Order, with a rate of 75.4 per cent (p.7).
Welfare v justice
Dingwall, R., Eekelaar, J. and Murray, T. (1984) `Childhood as a Social problem: A Survey of the History of Legal Regulation' Journal of Law and Society Vol 11(2) 207.
HM Government (2005) Statutory guidance on inter-agency co-operation to improve the wellbeing of children: children's trusts, London: DfES.
Home Office (2005) Change for Children in the Criminal Justice System, London: Home Office. [The five outcomes for children specified in the Every Child Matters policy paper and then included in the Children Act 2004 (section 10) are outcomes to which all agencies dealing with children must work. These outcomes are:
Be healthy
Stay safe
Enjoy and achieve
Make a positive contribution
Achieve economic well-being'
The Change for Children in the Criminal Justice System document discusses the response of the Criminal Justice System (CJS) to these new multi-agency aims. It states that the 'key focus' of the CJS is on the 2nd and 4th of these outcomes, with offending being contrasted with a 'positive contribution' being made by the young person now or in the future.]
NACRO (2008) Some facts about young people who offend - 2006, Youth Crime Briefing. London, NACRO.
Piper, C. (1999) 'Moral Campaigns for Children's Welfare in the 19th Century' in M. King (ed.) Moral Agendas for Children's Welfare. London,Routledge.
Respect Task Force (2007) Tools and powers to tackle anti-social behaviour, London: Home Office. [A report of research on the use of parenting contracts and acceptable anti-social behaviour contracts and agreements as well as anti-social behaviour and parenting orders. For the growth in the use of these orders, see: http://www.respect.gov.uk/uploadedFiles/Members_site/Articles/Resources/Research_and_statistics/CDRP%20survey%20results%20Jan%2007.pdf]
Smith, D. (2006) Social Inclusion and Early Desistance From Crime Report No. 12 (Edinburgh: Centre for Law and Society, The University of Edinburgh.
Waterhouse, L., McGhee, J. and Loucks, N. (2004) 'Disentangling Offenders and Non-Offenders in the Scottish Children's Hearings: A Clear Divide?' Howard Journal Vol 43(2) 164-179.
Restorative justice initiatives for minors
Crawford, A. and Newburn, T. (2003) Youth Offending and Restorative Justice. Cullompton, Willan Publishing.
Fox, D., Dhami, M.K. and Mantle, G. (2006) 'Restorative Justice and Final Warnings' The Howard Journal Vol 45(2) 129-140.
Wilcox, A., Young, R. and Hoyle, C. (2004) An evaluation of the impact of restorative cautioning: findings from a reconviction study, Home Office Findings 255. London, Home Office.
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