Recent publications

• Asp, P. (2010) ‘Previous convictions and proportionate punishment under Swedish law’ in J. V. Roberts and A. von Hirsch (eds) Previous Convictions at Sentencing: Theoretical and Applied Perspectives, Oxford, Hart, pp207-226.

• Dawes, W., McIntosh, B., Nunney, F. and Phillips, A. (2011) Attitudes to guilty plea sentence reductions, Sentencing Council Research Series 02/11.

• De Giorgi, A. (2010) ‘Immigration control, postFordism and less eligibility:  a materialist  critique of the criminalization of immigration across Europe’, Punishment and Society 12:2, 147-167.

• Fleetwood, J.  (2011) ‘Five Kilos: Penalties and Practice in the International Cocaine Trade’ Br J Criminol 51, 375-393

• Garland, D. (2010) Peculiar Institution: America’s Death Penalty in an Age of Abolition. Oxford, Oxford University Press.

• Sanders, A., Young, R. and Burton, M. (2010) Criminal Justice (4th Ed), Oxford, Oxford University Press.

• Sentencing Council (2010) Breaking the Cycle: Effective Punishment, Rehabilitation and Sentencing of Offenders, Response from the Sentencing Council. London, Sentencing Council.

• Sentencing Council (2011) Assault, Definitive Guideline. London, Sentencing Council.

• Sentencing Council (2011) Burglary Offences Definitive Guideline. London, Sentencing Council.

• Sentencing Council (2011) Consultation stage resource assessment – Guidelines on Totality, TICs and Allocation, London, Sentencing Council.

Useful web sources

• http://www.msgc.state.mn.us/guidelines/guide10.pdf

Cases

• Al-Saadoon and Mufdhi v UK  Application No. 61498/08  (2 March 2010)

• R v P and Blackburn [2007] EWCA Crim 2290

International comparisons

• Roberts J. (2008) Punishing Persistent Offenders, Oxford University Press, [This book includes a discussion of the problems of punishing for persistence with reference to Canada, the United States and England and Wales.]

A retributivist sentencing framework?

• Ashworth, A. and Player, E. (2005) 'The Criminal Justice Act 2003: The Sentencing Provisions' Modern Law Review Vol 68(5) 822-838

• Ashworth, A. (2004) 'Criminal Justice Act 2003: Part 2: criminal justice reform principles, human rights and public protection' Crim.L.R. 516-32.

• Baker, E and Clarkson, C.M.V. (2002) 'Making Punishments Work? An Evaluation of the Halliday Report on Sentencing in England and Wales', Crim.L.R. 81-97.

• Halliday Report (2001) Making Punishments Work: Review of the Sentencing Framework for England and Wales. London, Home Office.

• Home Office (2007) Bringing Offenders To Justice: Criminal Justice Penalties and Sentencing, London: Home Office. [This consultation paper focuses on the role of fixed and other penalties as well as those imposed by the sentencing courts. ]

• Home Secretary, Lord Chancellor and Attorney General (2006) Making Sentencing Clearer: a consultation and report of a review, London: Home Office. [We (Easton and Piper) responded to this consultation (responses by January 2007): see http://hdl.handle.net/2438/691. For the Response of the Magistrates' Association see: http://magistrates-association.org.uk/documents/sentencing/75-making-sentencing-clearer-response.doc]

• Koffman, L. (2006) 'The rise and fall of proportionality: the failure of the Criminal Justice Act 1991' Criminal Law Review 281-299.

Calculating seriousness

• Cavadino, M. and Wiles, P. (1994) 'Seriousness of Offences: The Perceptions of Practitioners' Crim.L.R. 489-498.

• Gadd, D. (2009) ‘Aggravating Racism and Elusive Motivation’ Br J Criminol 49, 755-771.

• Roberts, J. (2008) ‘Aggravating and Mitigating Factors at Sentencing: Towards Greater Consistency of Application. Criminal Law Review, 264–276.

• Home Office (2010) Prolific and Other Priority Offenders: Results from the 2009 cohort for England and Wales http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/stats-release.html

• Rossi, P., Waite, E., Bose, C.E. & Berk, R.E. (1974) 'The Seriousness of Crime: Normative Structure and Individual Differences', American Sociological Review, Vol 39, 224-37.

• Ryberg, J (2005) 'Retributivism and multiple offending' Res Publica 11 (3) 2005 213-233

• SGC (2004) Overarching Principles: Seriousness http://www.sentencing-guidelines.gov.uk/docs/Seriousness_guideline.pdf

• von Hirsch, A. and Ashworth, A. (2004) 'Legislating Sentencing principles: The provisions of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 relating to sentencing purposes and the role of previous convictions' Crim.L.R. 639-652.

• Wasik, M. (2001) 'The Vital Importance of Certain Previous Convictions' Crim.L.R. 363-373.

Domestic and child abuse

• Dinovitzer, R. and Dawson, M. (2007) 'Family-based justice in the sentencing of domestic violence' Brit.J.Criminol. Vol 47(4) 655-670.

• Family Law: 'Case Reports (2005) Contempt of Court - Sentencing' Fam Law [2005] 532-534.

• Ringland, C. and Fitzgerald, J.  (2010) Factors which influence the sentencing of domestic violence offenders, Crime and Justice StatisticsIssue paper no. 48, NSW Bureau of Crime, Statistics and Research.

  This study based in NSW, Australia found that:

   “Offenders found guilty of a domestic violence-related assault are more likely to receive a prison sentence if: the assault caused significant harm, the offender has a concurrent offence at the court appearance, a prior prison episode, a prior conviction for a violent offence, has breached an AVO in the previous two years, is male or Indigenous”.  It concluded that “Domestic violence appears before the courts in many forms, from the most serious assaults to property damage and offensive language. The penalties received for these offences are equally diverse. The factors which influence whether a domestic violence-related assault offender will be sentenced to prison generally reflect the severity of the offence and the criminal history of the offender.” (page 1)
  Available at http://www.bocsar.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/bocsar/ll_bocsar.nsf/vwFiles/bb48.pdf/$file/bb48.pdf

• Sentencing Guidelines Council (2006) Overarching Principles: Domestic Violence, Definitive Guideline, London: SGC.

• Sentencing Guidelines Council (February 2008) Overarching Principles: Assaults on children and Cruelty to a child: Definitive Guideline, London: SGC.

Racial aggravation

• Burney, E. (2003) 'Magistrates courts; Racially aggravated offences; Sentencing. Using the law on racially aggravated offences'. Crim. L.R., 28-36.

• Sentencing Guidelines Council (2000) Racially Aggravated Offences: Advice to the Court of Appeal

Rights theory

• van Zyl Smit, D. and Ashworth, A. (2004) 'Disproportionate Sentences and Human Rights Violations' Modern Law Review Vol 67(4) 541-560.

New SGC Guidelines

• SGC (2009) Attempted Murder, Definitive Guideline, London: SGC.
  http://www.sentencing-guidelines.gov.uk/docs/attempted_murder_definitive_guideline.pdf

• SGC (2008) Breach of an Anti-Social Behaviour Order, Definitive Guideline, London: SGC. http://www.sentencing-guidelines.gov.uk/docs/Breach%20of%20an%20Anti-Social%20behaviour%20order.pdf

• SGC (2008) Theft and burglary from a building other than a dwelling, Definitive Guideline, London: SGC.
  http://www.sentencing-guidelines.gov.uk/guidelines/council/final.html

• SGC (2008) Causing death by driving, Definitive Guideline, London: SGC.
  http://www.sentencing-guidelines.gov.uk/docs/causing_death_by_driving_definitive_guideline.pdf

• SGC (2008) Assault and other offences against the person, Definitive Guideline, London: SGC.

Sentencing process and practice

• Flood-Page, C. and Mackie, A. (1998) Sentencing Practice: an examination of decisions in magistrates' courts and the Crown Court in the mid-1990s, Home Office Research Study 180. London, Home Office.

• Roberts, J. and von Hirsch, A. (eds) (2010) Previous Convictions at Sentencing: Theoretical and Applied Perspectives. Oxford, Hart. 

• Thomas, D. (2002) 'The Sentencing Process' in McConville and Wilson, The Handbook of the Criminal Justice Process. Oxford, Oxford University Press.