Immunity: Chapter 03, Innate Immunity

Table of Contents

1. 3-1 Barriers to Infection at the Epithelium
2. 3-2 Innate Recognition by Soluble Collectins and Ficolins
3. 3-3 Overview of the Complement System
4. 3-4 Activation of the Complement Cascade
5. 3-5 Complement Effector Actions and Receptors
6. 3-6 Regulation of Complement and Evasion by Microbes
7. 3-7 Recognition of Microbes by Phagocytes
8. 3-8 Mechanisms of Phagocytosis
9. 3-9 Destructive Mechanisms of Phagocytes
10. 3-10 The Toll-Like Receptor Family of Innate Immune Receptors
11. 3-11 Toll-Like Receptor Signaling to Cytokine Production
12. 3-12 Intracellular Sensors of Bacterial Peptidoglycan Components
13. 3-13 Inflammation: Initiation of an Inflammatory Response
14. 3-14 Inflammation: Recruitment of Immune Cells
15. 3-15 Inflammation: Regulation and Systemic Effects
16. 3-16 Innate Defense Against Viruses: Interferon
17. 3-17 Inhibition of Virus Replication by Interferon
18. 3-18 Innate Defense Against Viruses: Induction of Apoptosis
19. 3-19 Intracellular Defenses Targeting Viral Nucleic Acid

3-12 Intracellular Sensors of Bacterial Peptidoglycan Components

Work through the following questions, checking all the correct answers. For each question there may be more than one correct answer.

1	Which of the following are features of NOD2? a) Recognition of diaminopimelic acid, characteristic of peptidoglycans of Gram-negative bacteria. b) Participation in the inflammasome. c) Induction of α-defensin secretion by Paneth cells. CorrectWrong: c is correct.Your answer has been saved.

2

Which of the following statements are true? a) On recognition of bacterial peptidoglycan NOD1 and NOD2 activate caspases that cleave the inactive precursors of specific cytokines. b) The function of the inflammasome is to activate transcription of cytokine genes. c) Mutations that cause constitutive activation of NOD2 or cryopyrin result in widespread inflammatory disease. d) Cryopyrin is one of a family of similar proteins. CorrectWrong: c and d are true.Your answer has been saved.

3

The CARD domain in NOD-containing proteins can function to: a) mediate oligomerization on recognition of peptidoglycans. b) recognize peptidoglycans. c) recruit caspases. d) recruit a protein kinase that links NOD proteins to the pathway leading to NF- κB activation. CorrectWrong: c and d are correct.Your answer has been saved.