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Question 1

Which of the following is correct regarding osteoporosis?

a) Defective mineralization of bone is the main underlying problem.

b) Common sites of predilection for fractures include the femur, humerus, and vertebrae.

c) Diagnosis can be made by demonstrating a bone density between 1 to 2.5 standard deviations below the mean.

d) Glucocorticoid treatment significantly increases the risk of developing the disease.

Question 2

Which of the following is correct regarding Paget's disease of bone?

a) The UK has the highest incidence in the world.

b) Most patients with the disease suffer from bony pain.

c) Serum calcium is usually markedly raised.

d) Conductive deafness is a recognized complication.

Question 3

Which of the following is correct regarding primary bone tumours?

a) They outnumber bony metastases in incidence.

b) They often affect young individuals.

c) Giant cell tumour of bone rarely recurs locally following attempted excision.

d) Osteosarcoma typically metastasizes late in the natural course of the disease.

Question 4

Which of the following is correct regarding osteoarthritis?

a) The hip, knee, and metacarpophalangeal joints are typical sites of involvement.

b) Inflammation in the joint is characteristic.

c) The dominant symptoms are pain and stiffness in the affected joint that is worse in the morning.

d) Joint space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis and cyst formation, and osteophyte formation are important radiological features.

Question 5

Which of the following is correct regarding rheumatoid arthritis?

a) The typical presentation is pain and stiffness in large weight bearing joints.

b) The presence of rheumatoid factor is diagnostic.

c) CD4+ T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages are the dominant inflammatory cells found in involved joints.

d) Amyloidosis is a common complication.

Question 6

Which of the following is correct regarding spondyloarthropathies?

a) They occur in about 5% of the population.

b) They show a strong link to the major histocompatibiltiy class II allele HLA-B27.

c) Ankylosing spondylitis is the most common example.

d) Enteropathic arthritis is triggered by a gastrointestinal infection.

Question 7

Which of the following is correct regarding crystal arthropathies?

a) Pseudogout is commoner in men.

b) Pseudogout is due to deposition of calcium pyrophosphate into a joint.

c) Most people with hyperuricaemia develop gout.

d) An acutely painful, red, hot, swollen first metatarsophalangeal joint is diagnostic of acute gout.

Question 8

Which of the following is correct regarding septic arthritis?

a) When suspected, should be managed without delay.

b) The typical presentation is a hot, red, swollen, mobile joint.

c) Streptococcal bacteria are the most common cause.

d) Treatment with intravenous benzylpenicillin is indicated.

Question 9

Which of the following is correct regarding soft tissue tumours?

a) Leiomyoma is a benign tumour composed of skeletal muscle cells.

b) Fibromatoses rarely recur following local excision.

c) The myometrium is the most common site for leiomyosarcomas.

d) High grade pleomorphic sarcomas are extremely aggressive malignancies that cannot be shown to have a clear line of differentiation.

Oxford University Press, Online Resource Centre, Chapter 17.

Chapter 17

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