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Question 01

Regarding salivary secretion and swallowing:

a) The food bolus is propelled down the esophagus by segmentation movements.

b) The pH of saliva rises as its rate of secretion increases.

c) Swallowing is a purely voluntary activity.

d) Hormones are more important than nerves in the regulation of salivary secretion.

Question 02

Regarding the control of gastric secretion:

a) Gastric acid is secreted by parietal cells of the gastric glands in response to hormonal stimulation.

b) Most of the acid and pepsinogen secreted by the stomach occurs during the intestinal phase of gastric secretion.

c) Gastric secretion does not begin until food enters the stomach.

d) Secretin secreted by the duodenum stimulates gastric secretion.

Question 03

Regarding gastric motility:

a) Gastric emptying is inhibited by the enterogastric reflex.

b) The antral region of the stomach is important for the storage of food.

c) Contractions of the stomach wall do not begin until food enters the stomach.

d) The contractions of the stomach depend on activity in the vagus nerve.

Question 04

Regarding pancreatic secretion:

a) Pancreatic secretion is inhibited by gastrin secreted by the G cells of the antrum.

b) Pancreatic acinar cells contain trypsin.

c) Cholecystokinin inhibits secretion from the exocrine pancreas.

d) The introduction of acid into the duodenum stimulates pancreatic secretion.

Question 05

Regarding the bile:

a) Bile is diluted in the gall bladder.

b) Bile salts are hydrophobic molecules.

c) Most bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum.

d) Bile salts are the breakdown products of hemoglobin.

Question 06

Regarding digestion and absorption by the small intestine:

a) Intestinal digestive enzymes are secreted by cells of the crypts of Lieberkuhn.

b) About half of the digested carbohydrate is absorbed in the small intestine.

c) Small peptides are absorbed in the small intestine.

d) The liver is the first organ to receive the digestion products of dietary fats.

Question 07

Regarding gastro-intestinal function:

a) The presence of large amounts of fat in the chyme will accelerate gastric emptying.

b) Distension of the ileum stimulates gastric motility.

c) Total gastrectomy leads to malabsorption of vitamin B₁₂.

d) Aldosterone inhibits the absorption of sodium and water by the large intestine.

Oxford University Press, Online Resource Centre, Chapter 18.

Chapter 18

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