Mitchell: An Introduction to Orthodontics 3e 
Hyperlinked BibliographyMitchell: An Introduction to Orthodontics 3e
Chapter 20
Adult orthodontics
Boyd, R. L., Leggot, P. J., Quinn, R. S., Eakle, W. S., and Chambers, D. (1989). Periodontal implications of orthodontic treatment in adults with reduced or normal periodontal tissues versus those of adolescents. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 96, 191-9. [DOI: 10.1016/0889-5406%2889%2990455-1]
The periodontal implications of orthodontic treatments in adults are discussed.Creekmore, T. (1989). Lingual orthodontics - its renaissance. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 96, 120-37. [PubMed 2756948] [DOI: 10.1016/0889-5406%2889%2990253-9]
This article highlights some of the initial problems with lingual appliances and how they were overcome.Joffe, L. (2003). Invisalign®: early experiences. Journal of Orthodontics, 30, 348-52. [PubMed 14634176] [DOI: 10.1093/ortho%2F30.4.348]
An easy-to-read overview of the Invisalign® concept.Nattrass, C. and Sandy, J. R. (1995). Adult orthodontics - a review. British Journal of Orthodontics, 22, 331-7. [PubMed 8580099]
This review covers a range of issues involved in adult orthodontics.Ong, M. A., Wang, H-L., and Smith, F. N. (1998). Interrelationship between periodontics and adult orthodontics. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 25, 271-7. [PubMed 9565276] [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02440.x]
As the title suggests, this review describes the interface between periodontal and orthodontic treatment.Prahbu, J. and Cousley, R. R. J. (2006). Bone anchorage devices in orthodontics. Journal of Orthodontics, 33, 288-307. [DOI: 10.1179/146531205225021807]
This gives an overview of the use of bone anchorage devices and factors that influence the choice of device.Russell, J. R. (2005). Aesthetic orthodontic brackets. Journal of Orthodontics, 32, 146-63. [PubMed 15994990] [DOI: 10.1179/146531205225021024]
A summary of the advantages and disadvantages of contemporary aesthetic brackets.Wiechmann, D., Rummel, V., Thalheim, A., Simon, J-S., and Wiechmann, L. (2003). Customized brackets and archwires for lingual orthodontic treatment. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 124, 593-9. [PubMed 14614428] [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2003.08.008]
This paper describes how computer-aided design and manufacturing technology is used to produce custom-made brackets to overcome some of the problems of lingual orthodontics.
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