Mitchell: An Introduction to Orthodontics 3e 
Hyperlinked BibliographyMitchell: An Introduction to Orthodontics 3e
Chapter 14
Canines
Becker, A., Smith, P., and Behar, R. (1981). The incidence of anomalous maxillary lateral incisors in relation to palatally-displaced cuspids. Angle Orthodontist, 51, 24-9. [PubMed 6939351]
Gorlin, R. J., Cohen, M. M., and Levin, L. S. (1990). Syndromes of the Head and Neck (3rd edn). Oxford University Press, Oxford.
This excellent reference book includes, amongst a wealth of other information, data on the development and incidence of canine anomalies.Hussain, J., Burden, D., and McSherry, P. (2003). The management of the palatally ectopic maxillary canine. Faculty of Dental Surgery of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (www.rcseng.ac.uk/fds/guidelines).
This systematic review evaluates the evidence relating to the management of palatally displaced canines. It is required reading for any clinician.Jacoby, H. (1983). The etiology of maxillary canine impactions. American Journal of Orthodontics, 84, 125-32. [PubMed 6576636] [DOI: 10.1016/0002-9416%2883%2990176-8]
Evidence that leads the authors to conclude that palatal and buccal displacements have differing aetiologies is presented in this paper.Jacobs, S. G. (1999). Localisation of the unerupted maxillary canine: how to and when to. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 115, 314-22. [PubMed 10066981] [DOI: 10.1016/S0889-5406%2899%2970335-5]
An interesting discussion of different radiographic approaches to localizing unerupted maxillary canines.Leonardi, M., Armi, P., Franchi, L., and Baccetti, T. (2004). Two interceptive approaches to palatally displaced canines: A prospective longitudinal study. Angle Orthodontist, 74, 581-6. [PubMed 15529490]
McSherry, P. F. (1998). The ectopic maxillary canine: a review. British Journal of Orthodontics, 25, 209-16. [DOI: 10.1093/ortho%2F25.3.209]
Good review article in which the options for management of displaced canines are discussed.McSherry, P. F. and Richardson, A. (1999). Ectopic eruption of the maxillary canine quantified in three dimensions on cephalometric radiographs between the ages of 5 and 15 years. European Journal of Orthodontics, 21, 41-8. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo%2F21.1.41]
This interesting study found that differences in the eruption pattern of palatally ectopic canines was evident from as early as 5 years of age.Peck, S. M., Peck, L., and Kataja, M. (1994). The palatally displaced canine as a dental anomaly of genetic origin. Angle Orthodontist, 64, 249-56. [PubMed 7978519]
Power, S. M. and Short, M. B. E. (1993). An investigation into the response of palatally displaced canines to the removal of deciduous canines. British Journal of Orthodontics, 20, 215-23. [PubMed 8399054]
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